Microwave-assisted design of nanoporous graphene membrane for ultrafast and switchable organic solvent nanofiltration

Junhyeok Kang, Yeongnam Ko, Jeong Pil Kim, Ju Yeon Kim, Jiwon Kim, Ohchan Kwon, Ki Chul Kim and Dae Woo Kim ()
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Junhyeok Kang: Yonsei University
Yeongnam Ko: Konkuk University
Jeong Pil Kim: Yonsei University
Ju Yeon Kim: Yonsei University
Jiwon Kim: Yonsei University
Ohchan Kwon: Yonsei University
Ki Chul Kim: Konkuk University
Dae Woo Kim: Yonsei University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Layered two-dimensional materials can potentially be utilized for organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) membrane fabrication owing to their precise molecular sieving by the interlayer structure and excellent stability in harsh conditions. Nevertheless, the extensive tortuosity of nanochannels and bulky solvent molecules impede rapid permeability. Herein, nanoporous graphene (NG) with a high density of sp2 carbon domain was synthesized via sequential thermal pore activation of graphene oxide (GO) and microwave-assisted reduction. Due to the smooth sp2 carbon domain surfaces and dense nanopores, the microwave-treated nanoporous graphene membrane exhibited ultrafast organic solvent permeance (e.g., IPA: 2278 LMH/bar) with excellent stability under practical cross-flow conditions. Furthermore, the membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) is switchable from 500 Da size of molecule to sub-nanometer-size molecules depending on the solvent type, and this switching occurs spontaneously with solvent change. These properties indicate feasibility of multiple (both binary and ternary) organic mixture separation using a single membrane. The nanochannel structure effect on solvent transport is also investigated using computation calculations.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36524-x

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