Maternal SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and infant protection against SARS-CoV-2 during the first six months of life

Ousseny Zerbo (), G. Thomas Ray, Bruce Fireman, Evan Layefsky, Kristin Goddard, Edwin Lewis, Pat Ross, Saad Omer, Mara Greenberg and Nicola P. Klein
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Ousseny Zerbo: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
G. Thomas Ray: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Bruce Fireman: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Evan Layefsky: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Kristin Goddard: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Edwin Lewis: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Pat Ross: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center
Saad Omer: Yale University, Institute for Global Health
Mara Greenberg: Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland
Nicola P. Klein: Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract We examined the effectiveness of maternal vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in 30,311 infants born at Kaiser Permanente Northern California from December 15, 2020, to May 31, 2022. Using Cox regression, the effectiveness of ≥2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine received during pregnancy was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66, 93), 62% (CI: 39, 77) and 56% (CI: 34,71) during months 0–2, 0–4 and 0- 6 of a child’s life, respectively, in the Delta variant period. In the Omicron variant period, the effectiveness of maternal vaccination in these three age intervals was 21% (CI: −21,48), 14% (CI: −9,32) and 13% (CI: −3,26), respectively. Over the entire study period, the incidence of hospitalization for COVID-19 was lower during the first 6 months of life among infants of vaccinated mothers compared with infants of unvaccinated mothers (21/100,000 person-years vs. 100/100,000 person-years). Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36547-4

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