Noncanonical amino acids as doubly bio-orthogonal handles for one-pot preparation of protein multiconjugates

Yong Wang, Jingming Zhang, Boyang Han, Linzhi Tan, Wenkang Cai, Yuxuan Li, Yeyu Su, Yutong Yu, Xin Wang, Xiaojiang Duan, Haoyu Wang, Xiaomeng Shi, Jing Wang, Xing Yang () and Tao Liu ()
Additional contact information
Yong Wang: Peking University
Jingming Zhang: Peking University First Hospital
Boyang Han: Peking University
Linzhi Tan: Peking University
Wenkang Cai: Peking University
Yuxuan Li: Peking University
Yeyu Su: Peking University
Yutong Yu: Peking University
Xin Wang: Peking University
Xiaojiang Duan: Peking University First Hospital
Haoyu Wang: Peking University
Xiaomeng Shi: Peking University
Jing Wang: Peking University
Xing Yang: Peking University First Hospital
Tao Liu: Peking University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Abstract Genetic encoding of noncanonical amino acid (ncAA) for site-specific protein modification has been widely applied for many biological and therapeutic applications. To efficiently prepare homogeneous protein multiconjugates, we design two encodable noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs), 4-(6-(3-azidopropyl)-s-tetrazin-3-yl) phenylalanine (pTAF) and 3-(6-(3-azidopropyl)-s-tetrazin-3-yl) phenylalanine (mTAF), containing mutually orthogonal and bioorthogonal azide and tetrazine reaction handles. Recombinant proteins and antibody fragments containing the TAFs can easily be functionalized in one-pot reactions with combinations of commercially available fluorophores, radioisotopes, PEGs, and drugs in a plug-and-play manner to afford protein dual conjugates to assess combinations of tumor diagnosis, image-guided surgery, and targeted therapy in mouse models. Furthermore, we demonstrate that simultaneously incorporating mTAF and a ketone-containing ncAA into one protein via two non-sense codons allows preparation of a site-specific protein triconjugate. Our results demonstrate that TAFs are doubly bio-orthogonal handles for efficient and scalable preparation of homogeneous protein multiconjugates.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36658-y

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