A monofluoride ether-based electrolyte solution for fast-charging and low-temperature non-aqueous lithium metal batteries

Guangzhao Zhang, Jian Chang, Liguang Wang, Jiawei Li, Chaoyang Wang, Ruo Wang, Guoli Shi, Kai Yu, Wei Huang, Honghe Zheng, Tianpin Wu (), Yonghong Deng () and Jun Lu ()
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Guangzhao Zhang: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Jian Chang: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Liguang Wang: Zhejiang University
Jiawei Li: China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao
Chaoyang Wang: South China University of Technology
Ruo Wang: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Guoli Shi: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Kai Yu: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Wei Huang: Southern University of Science and Technology
Honghe Zheng: Soochow University
Tianpin Wu: Zhejiang University
Yonghong Deng: Southern University of Science and Technology of China
Jun Lu: Zhejiang University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract The electrochemical stability window of the electrolyte solution limits the energy content of non-aqueous lithium metal batteries. In particular, although electrolytes comprising fluorinated solvents show good oxidation stability against high-voltage positive electrode active materials such as LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811), the ionic conductivity is adversely affected and, thus, the battery cycling performance at high current rates and low temperatures. To address these issues, here we report the design and synthesis of a monofluoride ether as an electrolyte solvent with Li-F and Li-O tridentate coordination chemistries. The monofluoro substituent (-CH2F) in the solvent molecule, differently from the difluoro (-CHF2) and trifluoro (-CF3) counterparts, improves the electrolyte ionic conductivity without narrowing the oxidation stability. Indeed, the electrolyte solution with the monofluoride ether solvent demonstrates good compatibility with positive and negative electrodes in a wide range of temperatures (i.e., from −60 °C to +60 °C) and at high charge/discharge rates (e.g., at 17.5 mA cm−2). Using this electrolyte solution, we assemble and test a 320 mAh Li||NCM811 multi-layer pouch cell, which delivers a specific energy of 426 Wh kg−1 (based on the weight of the entire cell) and capacity retention of 80% after 200 cycles at 0.8/8 mA cm−2 charge/discharge rate and 30 °C.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36793-6

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