Polymerizable rotaxane hydrogels for three-dimensional printing fabrication of wearable sensors

Xueru Xiong, Yunhua Chen, Zhenxing Wang, Huan Liu, Mengqi Le, Caihong Lin, Gang Wu, Lin Wang (), Xuetao Shi (), Yong-Guang Jia () and Yanli Zhao ()
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Xueru Xiong: South China University of Technology
Yunhua Chen: South China University of Technology
Zhenxing Wang: South China University of Technology
Huan Liu: South China University of Technology
Mengqi Le: South China University of Technology
Caihong Lin: South China University of Technology
Gang Wu: South China University of Technology
Lin Wang: South China University of Technology
Xuetao Shi: South China University of Technology
Yong-Guang Jia: South China University of Technology
Yanli Zhao: Nanyang Technological University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract While hydrogels enable a variety of applications in wearable sensors and electronic skins, they are susceptible to fatigue fracture during cyclic deformations owing to their inefficient fatigue resistance. Herein, acrylated β-cyclodextrin with bile acid is self-assembled into a polymerizable pseudorotaxane via precise host-guest recognition, which is photopolymerized with acrylamide to obtain conductive polymerizable rotaxane hydrogels (PR-Gel). The topological networks of PR-Gel enable all desirable properties in this system due to the large conformational freedom of the mobile junctions, including the excellent stretchability along with superior fatigue resistance. PR-Gel based strain sensor can sensitively detect and distinguish large body motions and subtle muscle movements. The three-dimensional printing fabricated sensors of PR-Gel exhibit high resolution and altitude complexity, and real-time human electrocardiogram signals are detected with high repeating stability. PR-Gel can self-heal in air, and has highly repeatable adhesion to human skin, demonstrating its great potential in wearable sensors.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36920-3

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