Non-falciparum malaria infection and IgG seroprevalence among children under 15 years in Nigeria, 2018

Camelia Herman, Colleen M. Leonard, Perpetua Uhomoibhi, Mark Maire, Delynn Moss, Uwem Inyang, Ado Abubakar, Abiodun Ogunniyi, Nwando Mba, Stacie M. Greby, McPaul I. Okoye, Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam, Ibrahim Maikore, Laura Steinhardt and Eric Rogier ()
Additional contact information
Camelia Herman: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Colleen M. Leonard: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Perpetua Uhomoibhi: Federal Ministry of Health
Mark Maire: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Delynn Moss: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Uwem Inyang: United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
Ado Abubakar: Institute of Human Virology (IHVN)
Abiodun Ogunniyi: Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
Nwando Mba: Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC)
Stacie M. Greby: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
McPaul I. Okoye: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Nnaemeka C. Iriemenam: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Ibrahim Maikore: Nigeria Country Office
Laura Steinhardt: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Eric Rogier: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is the dominant malaria parasite in Nigeria though P. vivax (Pv), P. ovale (Po), and P. malariae (Pm) are also endemic. Blood samples (n = 31,234) were collected from children aged 0-14 years during a 2018 nationwide HIV survey and assayed for Plasmodium antigenemia, Plasmodium DNA, and IgG against Plasmodium MSP1-19 antigens. Of all children, 6.6% were estimated to have Pm infection and 1.4% Po infection with no Pv infections detected. The highest household wealth quintile was strongly protective against infection with Pm (aOR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.05–0.22) or Po (aOR= 0.01, 0.00–0.10). Overall Pm seroprevalence was 34.2% (95% CI: 33.3-35.2) with lower estimates for Po (12.1%, 11.6-12.5) and Pv (6.3%, 6.0-6.7). Pm seropositivity was detected throughout the country with several local government areas showing >50% seroprevalence. Serological and DNA indicators show widespread exposure of Nigerian children to Pm with lower rates to Po and Pv.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37010-0

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