Control of human cytomegalovirus replication by liver resident natural killer cells

Calum Forrest, Thomas J. G. Chase, Antonia O. Cuff, Dionas Maroulis, Reza Motallebzadeh, Amir Gander, Brian Davidson, Paul Griffiths, Victoria Male () and Matthew Reeves ()
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Calum Forrest: UCL
Thomas J. G. Chase: UCL, Royal Free Campus
Antonia O. Cuff: Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Campus
Dionas Maroulis: UCL, Royal Free Campus
Reza Motallebzadeh: UCL, Royal Free Campus
Amir Gander: UCL, Royal Free Campus
Brian Davidson: UCL, Royal Free Campus
Paul Griffiths: UCL
Victoria Male: Imperial College London, Chelsea & Westminster Campus
Matthew Reeves: UCL

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Natural killer cells are considered to be important for control of human cytomegalovirus– a major pathogen in immune suppressed transplant patients. Viral infection promotes the development of an adaptive phenotype in circulating natural killer cells that changes their anti-viral function. In contrast, less is understood how natural killer cells that reside in tissue respond to viral infection. Here we show natural killer cells resident in the liver have an altered phenotype in cytomegalovirus infected individuals and display increased anti-viral activity against multiple viruses in vitro and identify and characterise a subset of natural killer cells responsible for control. Crucially, livers containing natural killer cells with better capacity to control cytomegalovirus replication in vitro are less likely to experience viraemia post-transplant. Taken together, these data suggest that virally induced expansion of tissue resident natural killer cells in the donor organ can reduce the chance of viraemia post-transplant.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37181-w

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