Localized nuclear reaction breaks boron drug capsules loaded with immune adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy

Yaxin Shi, Zhibin Guo, Qiang Fu, Xinyuan Shen, Zhongming Zhang, Wenjia Sun, Jinqiang Wang, Junliang Sun, Zizhu Zhang, Tong Liu, Zhen Gu () and Zhibo Liu ()
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Yaxin Shi: Peking University
Zhibin Guo: Peking University
Qiang Fu: Nankai University
Xinyuan Shen: Zhejiang University
Zhongming Zhang: Lancaster University
Wenjia Sun: Peking University
Jinqiang Wang: Zhejiang University
Junliang Sun: Peking University
Zizhu Zhang: Beijing Nuclear Industry Hospital
Tong Liu: Beijing Capture Tech Co. Ltd
Zhen Gu: Zhejiang University
Zhibo Liu: Peking University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) was clinically approved in 2020 and exhibits remarkable tumour rejection in preclinical and clinical studies. It is binary radiotherapy that may selectively deposit two deadly high-energy particles (4He and 7Li) within a cancer cell. As a radiotherapy induced by localized nuclear reaction, few studies have reported its abscopal anti-tumour effect, which has limited its further clinical applications. Here, we engineer a neutron-activated boron capsule that synergizes BNCT and controlled immune adjuvants release to provoke a potent anti-tumour immune response. This study demonstrates that boron neutron capture nuclear reaction forms considerable defects in boron capsule that augments the drug release. The following single-cell sequencing unveils the fact and mechanism that BNCT heats anti-tumour immunity. In female mice tumour models, BNCT and the controlled drug release triggered by localized nuclear reaction causes nearly complete regression of both primary and distant tumour grafts.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37253-x

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