Well-defined double hysteresis loop in NaNbO3 antiferroelectrics

Nengneng Luo (), Li Ma, Gengguang Luo, Chao Xu, Lixiang Rao (), Zhengu Chen, Zhenyong Cen, Qin Feng, Xiyong Chen, Fujita Toyohisa, Ye Zhu, Jiawang Hong, Jing-Feng Li () and Shujun Zhang ()
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Nengneng Luo: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Li Ma: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Gengguang Luo: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Chao Xu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Lixiang Rao: Beijing Institute of Technology
Zhengu Chen: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Zhenyong Cen: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Qin Feng: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Xiyong Chen: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Fujita Toyohisa: Environment and Materials; Guangxi University
Ye Zhu: The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Jiawang Hong: Beijing Institute of Technology
Jing-Feng Li: Tsinghua University
Shujun Zhang: University of Wollongong

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Antiferroelectrics (AFEs) are promising candidates in energy-storage capacitors, electrocaloric solid-cooling, and displacement transducers. As an actively studied lead-free antiferroelectric (AFE) material, NaNbO3 has long suffered from its ferroelectric (FE)-like polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops with high remnant polarization and large hysteresis. Guided by theoretical calculations, a new strategy of reducing the oxygen octahedral tilting angle is proposed to stabilize the AFE P phase (Space group Pbma) of NaNbO3. To validate this, we judiciously introduced CaHfO3 with a low Goldschmidt tolerance factor and AgNbO3 with a low electronegativity difference into NaNbO3, the decreased cation displacements and [BO6] octahedral tilting angles were confirmed by Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Of particular importance is that the 0.75NaNbO3−0.20AgNbO3−0.05CaHfO3 ceramic exhibits highly reversible phase transition between the AFE and FE states, showing well-defined double P-E loops and sprout-shaped strain-electric field curves with reduced hysteresis, low remnant polarization, high AFE-FE phase transition field, and zero negative strain. Our work provides a new strategy for designing NaNbO3-based AFE material with well-defined double P-E loops, which can also be extended to discover a variety of new lead-free AFEs.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37469-x

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