Near-atomic architecture of Singapore grouper iridovirus and implications for giant virus assembly

Zhennan Zhao, Youhua Huang, Congcong Liu, Dongjie Zhu, Shuaixin Gao, Sheng Liu, Ruchao Peng, Ya Zhang, Xiaohong Huang, Jianxun Qi (), Catherine C. L. Wong (), Xinzheng Zhang (), Peiyi Wang (), Qiwei Qin () and George F. Gao ()
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Zhennan Zhao: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Youhua Huang: South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture
Congcong Liu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Dongjie Zhu: University of Science and Technology of China
Shuaixin Gao: Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College
Sheng Liu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Ruchao Peng: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ya Zhang: South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture
Xiaohong Huang: South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture
Jianxun Qi: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Catherine C. L. Wong: Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College
Xinzheng Zhang: Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Peiyi Wang: Southern University of Science and Technology
Qiwei Qin: South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture
George F. Gao: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV), one of the nucleocytoviricota viruses (NCVs), is a highly pathogenic iridovirid. SGIV infection results in massive economic losses to the aquaculture industry and significantly threatens global biodiversity. In recent years, high morbidity and mortality in aquatic animals have been caused by iridovirid infections worldwide. Effective control and prevention strategies are urgently needed. Here, we present a near-atomic architecture of the SGIV capsid and identify eight types of capsid proteins. The viral inner membrane-integrated anchor protein colocalizes with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), supporting the hypothesis that the biogenesis of the inner membrane is associated with the ER. Additionally, immunofluorescence assays indicate minor capsid proteins (mCPs) could form various building blocks with major capsid proteins (MCPs) before the formation of a viral factory (VF). These results expand our understanding of the capsid assembly of NCVs and provide more targets for vaccine and drug design to fight iridovirid infections.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37681-9

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