Booster with Ad26.COV2.S or Omicron-adapted vaccine enhanced immunity and efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques

Laura Solforosi (), Lea M. M. Costes, Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom, Katherine McMahan, Tochi Anioke, David Hope, Tetyana Murdza, Michaela Sciacca, Emily Bouffard, Julia Barrett, Cindy Wu, Nicole Hachmann, Jessica Miller, Jingyou Yu, Xuan He, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Sietske K. Rosendahl Huber, Liesbeth Dekking, Ronnie Chamanza, Ying Choi, Karin Feddes- de Boer, Dan H. Barouch, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Roland C. Zahn and Frank Wegmann ()
Additional contact information
Laura Solforosi: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Lea M. M. Costes: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Jeroen T. B. M. Tolboom: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Katherine McMahan: Harvard Medical School
Tochi Anioke: Harvard Medical School
David Hope: Harvard Medical School
Tetyana Murdza: Harvard Medical School
Michaela Sciacca: Harvard Medical School
Emily Bouffard: Harvard Medical School
Julia Barrett: Harvard Medical School
Cindy Wu: Harvard Medical School
Nicole Hachmann: Harvard Medical School
Jessica Miller: Harvard Medical School
Jingyou Yu: Harvard Medical School
Xuan He: Harvard Medical School
Catherine Jacob-Dolan: Harvard Medical School
Sietske K. Rosendahl Huber: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Liesbeth Dekking: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Ronnie Chamanza: Janssen Research and Development
Ying Choi: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Karin Feddes- de Boer: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Dan H. Barouch: Harvard Medical School
Hanneke Schuitemaker: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Roland C. Zahn: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.
Frank Wegmann: Janssen Vaccines and Prevention B.V.

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Omicron spike (S) encoding vaccines as boosters, are a potential strategy to improve COVID-19 vaccine efficacy against Omicron. Here, macaques (mostly females) previously immunized with Ad26.COV2.S, are boosted with Ad26.COV2.S, Ad26.COV2.S.529 (encoding Omicron BA.1 S) or a 1:1 combination of both vaccines. All booster vaccinations elicit a rapid antibody titers increase against WA1/2020 and Omicron S. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 antibody responses are most effectively boosted by vaccines including Ad26.COV2.S.529. Independent of vaccine used, mostly WA1/2020-reactive or WA1/2020-Omicron BA.1 cross-reactive B cells are detected. Ad26.COV2.S.529 containing boosters provide only slightly higher protection of the lower respiratory tract against Omicron BA.1 challenge compared with Ad26.COV2.S-only booster. Antibodies and cellular immune responses are identified as complementary correlates of protection. Overall, a booster with an Omicron-spike based vaccine provide only moderately improved immune responses and protection compared with the original Wuhan-Hu-1-spike based vaccine, which still provide robust immune responses and protection against Omicron.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37715-2

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