Oxynitrides enabled photoelectrochemical water splitting with over 3,000 hrs stable operation in practical two-electrode configuration

Yixin Xiao, Xianghua Kong, Srinivas Vanka, Wan Jae Dong, Guosong Zeng, Zhengwei Ye, Kai Sun, Ishtiaque Ahmed Navid, Baowen Zhou, Francesca M. Toma, Hong Guo () and Zetian Mi ()
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Yixin Xiao: University of Michigan
Xianghua Kong: McGill University
Srinivas Vanka: University of Michigan
Wan Jae Dong: University of Michigan
Guosong Zeng: Chemical Sciences Division
Zhengwei Ye: University of Michigan
Kai Sun: University of Michigan
Ishtiaque Ahmed Navid: University of Michigan
Baowen Zhou: University of Michigan
Francesca M. Toma: Chemical Sciences Division
Hong Guo: McGill University
Zetian Mi: University of Michigan

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Solar photoelectrochemical reactions have been considered one of the most promising paths for sustainable energy production. To date, however, there has been no demonstration of semiconductor photoelectrodes with long-term stable operation in a two-electrode configuration, which is required for any practical application. Herein, we demonstrate the stable operation of a photocathode comprising Si and GaN, the two most produced semiconductors in the world, for 3,000 hrs without any performance degradation in two-electrode configurations. Measurements in both three- and two-electrode configurations suggest that surfaces of the GaN nanowires on Si photocathode transform in situ into Ga-O-N that drastically enhances hydrogen evolution and remains stable for 3,000 hrs. First principles calculations further revealed that the in-situ Ga-O-N species exhibit atomic-scale surface metallization. This study overcomes the conventional dilemma between efficiency and stability imposed by extrinsic cocatalysts, offering a path for practical application of photoelectrochemical devices and systems for clean energy.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37754-9

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