Transient and general synthesis of high-density and ultrasmall nanoparticles on two-dimensional porous carbon via coordinated carbothermal shock

Wenhui Shi, Zezhou Li, Zhihao Gong, Zihui Liang, Hanwen Liu, Ye-Chuang Han, Huiting Niu, Bo Song, Xiaodong Chi, Jihan Zhou, Hua Wang, Bao Yu Xia (), Yonggang Yao () and Zhong-Qun Tian ()
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Wenhui Shi: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zezhou Li: Peking University
Zhihao Gong: Zhejiang University
Zihui Liang: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Hanwen Liu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Ye-Chuang Han: Xiamen University
Huiting Niu: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Bo Song: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Xiaodong Chi: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Jihan Zhou: Peking University
Hua Wang: Zhejiang University
Bao Yu Xia: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Yonggang Yao: Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Zhong-Qun Tian: Xiamen University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Carbon-supported nanoparticles are indispensable to enabling new energy technologies such as metal-air batteries and catalytic water splitting. However, achieving ultrasmall and high-density nanoparticles (optimal catalysts) faces fundamental challenges of their strong tendency toward coarsening and agglomeration. Herein, we report a general and efficient synthesis of high-density and ultrasmall nanoparticles uniformly dispersed on two-dimensional porous carbon. This is achieved through direct carbothermal shock pyrolysis of metal-ligand precursors in just ~100 ms, the fastest among reported syntheses. Our results show that the in situ metal-ligand coordination (e.g., N → Co2+) and local ordering during millisecond-scale pyrolysis play a crucial role in kinetically dominated fabrication and stabilization of high-density nanoparticles on two-dimensional porous carbon films. The as-obtained samples exhibit excellent activity and stability as bifunctional catalysts in oxygen redox reactions. Considering the huge flexibility in coordinated precursors design, diversified single and multielement nanoparticles (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ag, etc) were generally fabricated, even in systems well beyond traditional crystalline coordination chemistry. Our method allows for the transient and general synthesis of well-dispersed nanoparticles with great simplicity and versatility for various application schemes.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38023-5

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