Achieving volatile potassium promoted ammonia synthesis via mechanochemistry

Jong-Hoon Kim, Tian-Yi Dai, Mihyun Yang, Jeong-Min Seo, Jae Seong Lee, Do Hyung Kweon, Xing-You Lang, Kyuwook Ihm, Tae Joo Shin, Gao-Feng Han (), Qing Jiang () and Jong-Beom Baek ()
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Jong-Hoon Kim: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Tian-Yi Dai: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Mihyun Yang: Pohang University of Science and Technology
Jeong-Min Seo: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Jae Seong Lee: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Do Hyung Kweon: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Xing-You Lang: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Kyuwook Ihm: Pohang University of Science and Technology
Tae Joo Shin: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Gao-Feng Han: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Qing Jiang: Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University
Jong-Beom Baek: Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Potassium oxide (K2O) is used as a promotor in industrial ammonia synthesis, although metallic potassium (K) is better in theory. The reason K2O is used is because metallic K, which volatilizes around 400 °C, separates from the catalyst in the harsh ammonia synthesis conditions of the Haber-Bosch process. To maximize the efficiency of ammonia synthesis, using metallic K with low temperature reaction below 400 °C is prerequisite. Here, we synthesize ammonia using metallic K and Fe as a catalyst via mechanochemical process near ambient conditions (45 °C, 1 bar). The final ammonia concentration reaches as high as 94.5 vol%, which was extraordinarily higher than that of the Haber-Bosch process (25.0 vol%, 450 °C, 200 bar) and our previous work (82.5 vol%, 45 °C, 1 bar).

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38050-2

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