Candida expansion in the gut of lung cancer patients associates with an ecological signature that supports growth under dysbiotic conditions

Bastian Seelbinder, Zoltan Lohinai, Ruben Vazquez-Uribe, Sascha Brunke, Xiuqiang Chen, Mohammad Mirhakkak, Silvia Lopez-Escalera, Balazs Dome, Zsolt Megyesfalvi, Judit Berta, Gabriella Galffy, Edit Dulka, Anja Wellejus, Glen J. Weiss, Michael Bauer, Bernhard Hube, Morten O. A. Sommer and Gianni Panagiotou ()
Additional contact information
Bastian Seelbinder: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology– Hans Knöll Institute
Zoltan Lohinai: National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology
Ruben Vazquez-Uribe: Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark
Sascha Brunke: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute
Xiuqiang Chen: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology– Hans Knöll Institute
Mohammad Mirhakkak: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology– Hans Knöll Institute
Silvia Lopez-Escalera: Chr. Hansen A/S, Human Health Innovation
Balazs Dome: National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology
Zsolt Megyesfalvi: National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology
Judit Berta: National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology
Gabriella Galffy: County Hospital of Torokbalint
Edit Dulka: County Hospital of Torokbalint
Anja Wellejus: Chr. Hansen A/S, Human Health Innovation
Glen J. Weiss: UMass Chan Medical School
Michael Bauer: Jena University Hospital
Bernhard Hube: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology – Hans Knöll Institute
Morten O. A. Sommer: Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark
Gianni Panagiotou: Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology– Hans Knöll Institute

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Candida species overgrowth in the human gut is considered a prerequisite for invasive candidiasis, but our understanding of gut bacteria promoting or restricting this overgrowth is still limited. By integrating cross-sectional mycobiome and shotgun metagenomics data from the stool of 75 male and female cancer patients at risk but without systemic candidiasis, bacterial communities in high Candida samples display higher metabolic flexibility yet lower contributional diversity than those in low Candida samples. We develop machine learning models that use only bacterial taxa or functional relative abundances to predict the levels of Candida genus and species in an external validation cohort with an AUC of 78.6–81.1%. We propose a mechanism for intestinal Candida overgrowth based on an increase in lactate-producing bacteria, which coincides with a decrease in bacteria that regulate short chain fatty acid and oxygen levels. Under these conditions, the ability of Candida to harness lactate as a nutrient source may enable Candida to outcompete other fungi in the gut.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38058-8

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