High-affinity peptides developed against calprotectin and their application as synthetic ligands in diagnostic assays

Cristina Díaz-Perlas, Benjamin Ricken, Lluc Farrera-Soler, Dmitrii Guschin, Florence Pojer, Kelvin Lau, Christian-Benedikt Gerhold () and Christian Heinis ()
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Cristina Díaz-Perlas: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Benjamin Ricken: BÜHLMANN Laboratories AG, Baselstrasse 55
Lluc Farrera-Soler: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Dmitrii Guschin: BÜHLMANN Laboratories AG, Baselstrasse 55
Florence Pojer: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Kelvin Lau: Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Christian-Benedikt Gerhold: BÜHLMANN Laboratories AG, Baselstrasse 55
Christian Heinis: École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Common inflammatory disorders such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease are non-invasively diagnosed or monitored by the biomarker calprotectin. However, current quantitative tests for calprotectin are antibody-based and vary depending on the type of antibody and assay used. Additionally, the binding epitopes of applied antibodies are not characterized by structures and for most antibodies it is unclear if they detect calprotectin dimer, tetramer, or both. Herein, we develop calprotectin ligands based on peptides, that offer advantages such as homogenous chemical composition, heat-stability, site-directed immobilization, and chemical synthesis at high purity and at low cost. By screening a 100-billion peptide phage display library against calprotectin, we identified a high-affinity peptide (Kd = 26 ± 3 nM) that binds to a large surface region (951 Å2) as shown by X-ray structure analysis. The peptide uniquely binds the calprotectin tetramer, which enabled robust and sensitive quantification of a defined species of calprotectin by ELISA and lateral flow assays in patient samples, and thus offers an ideal affinity reagent for next-generation inflammatory disease diagnostic assays.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38075-7

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