Identification and improvement of isothiocyanate-based inhibitors on stomatal opening to act as drought tolerance-conferring agrochemicals

Yusuke Aihara, Bumpei Maeda, Kanna Goto, Koji Takahashi, Mika Nomoto, Shigeo Toh, Wenxiu Ye, Yosuke Toda, Mami Uchida, Eri Asai, Yasuomi Tada, Kenichiro Itami, Ayato Sato, Kei Murakami () and Toshinori Kinoshita ()
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Yusuke Aihara: Nagoya University
Bumpei Maeda: Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda
Kanna Goto: Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda
Koji Takahashi: Nagoya University
Mika Nomoto: JST PRESTO
Shigeo Toh: Nagoya University
Wenxiu Ye: Nagoya University
Yosuke Toda: Nagoya University
Mami Uchida: Nagoya University
Eri Asai: Nagoya University
Yasuomi Tada: Nagoya University
Kenichiro Itami: Nagoya University
Ayato Sato: Nagoya University
Kei Murakami: Nagoya University
Toshinori Kinoshita: Nagoya University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Stomatal pores in the plant epidermis open and close to regulate gas exchange between leaves and the atmosphere. Upon light stimulation, the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase is phosphorylated and activated via an intracellular signal transduction pathway in stomatal guard cells, providing a primary driving force for the opening movement. To uncover and manipulate this stomatal opening pathway, we screened a chemical library and identified benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), a Brassicales-specific metabolite, as a potent stomatal-opening inhibitor that suppresses PM H+-ATPase phosphorylation. We further developed BITC derivatives with multiple isothiocyanate groups (multi-ITCs), which demonstrate inhibitory activity on stomatal opening up to 66 times stronger, as well as a longer duration of the effect and negligible toxicity. The multi-ITC treatment inhibits plant leaf wilting in both short (1.5 h) and long-term (24 h) periods. Our research elucidates the biological function of BITC and its use as an agrochemical that confers drought tolerance on plants by suppressing stomatal opening.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38102-7

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