Ultrafast charge transfer in mixed-dimensional WO3-x nanowire/WSe2 heterostructures for attomolar-level molecular sensing

Qian Lv, Junyang Tan, Zhijie Wang, Peng Gu, Haiyun Liu, Lingxiao Yu, Yinping Wei, Lin Gan, Bilu Liu (), Jia Li (), Feiyu Kang, Hui-Ming Cheng, Qihua Xiong () and Ruitao Lv ()
Additional contact information
Qian Lv: Tsinghua University
Junyang Tan: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Zhijie Wang: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Peng Gu: Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Haiyun Liu: Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Lingxiao Yu: Tsinghua University
Yinping Wei: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Lin Gan: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Bilu Liu: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Jia Li: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Feiyu Kang: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Hui-Ming Cheng: Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and Institute of Materials Research, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University
Qihua Xiong: Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Ruitao Lv: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Developing efficient noble-metal-free surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates and unveiling the underlying mechanism is crucial for ultrasensitive molecular sensing. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of mixed-dimensional heterostructures via oxygen plasma treatments of two-dimensional (2D) materials. As a proof-of-concept, 1D/2D WO3-x/WSe2 heterostructures with good controllability and reproducibility are synthesized, in which 1D WO3-x nanowire patterns are laterally arranged along the three-fold symmetric directions of 2D WSe2. The WO3-x/WSe2 heterostructures exhibited high molecular sensitivity, with a limit of detection of 5 × 10−18 M and an enhancement factor of 5.0 × 1011 for methylene blue molecules, even in mixed solutions. We associate the ultrasensitive performance to the efficient charge transfer induced by the unique structures of 1D WO3-x nanowires and the effective interlayer coupling of the heterostructures. We observed a charge transfer timescale of around 1.0 picosecond via ultrafast transient spectroscopy. Our work provides an alternative strategy for the synthesis of 1D nanostructures from 2D materials and offers insights on the role of ultrafast charge transfer mechanisms in plasmon-free SERS-based molecular sensing.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38198-x

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