Long COVID risk and pre-COVID vaccination in an EHR-based cohort study from the RECOVER program

M. Daniel Brannock (), Robert F. Chew, Alexander J. Preiss, Emily C. Hadley, Signe Redfield, Julie A. McMurry, Peter J. Leese, Andrew T. Girvin, Miles Crosskey, Andrea G. Zhou, Richard A. Moffitt, Michele Jonsson Funk, Emily R. Pfaff, Melissa A. Haendel and Christopher G. Chute
Additional contact information
M. Daniel Brannock: RTI International
Robert F. Chew: RTI International
Alexander J. Preiss: RTI International
Emily C. Hadley: RTI International
Signe Redfield: Patient-Led Research Collaborative
Julie A. McMurry: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
Peter J. Leese: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Andrew T. Girvin: Palantir Technologies
Miles Crosskey: CoVar Applied Technologies
Andrea G. Zhou: iTHRIV, University of Virginia
Richard A. Moffitt: Stony Brook University
Michele Jonsson Funk: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Emily R. Pfaff: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Melissa A. Haendel: University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
Christopher G. Chute: Johns Hopkins University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Long COVID, or complications arising from COVID-19 weeks after infection, has become a central concern for public health experts. The United States National Institutes of Health founded the RECOVER initiative to better understand long COVID. We used electronic health records available through the National COVID Cohort Collaborative to characterize the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and long COVID diagnosis. Among patients with a COVID-19 infection between August 1, 2021 and January 31, 2022, we defined two cohorts using distinct definitions of long COVID—a clinical diagnosis (n = 47,404) or a previously described computational phenotype (n = 198,514)—to compare unvaccinated individuals to those with a complete vaccine series prior to infection. Evidence of long COVID was monitored through June or July of 2022, depending on patients’ data availability. We found that vaccination was consistently associated with lower odds and rates of long COVID clinical diagnosis and high-confidence computationally derived diagnosis after adjusting for sex, demographics, and medical history.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38388-7

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