Host-diet-gut microbiome interactions influence human energy balance: a randomized clinical trial

Karen D. Corbin, Elvis A. Carnero, Blake Dirks, Daria Igudesman, Fanchao Yi, Andrew Marcus, Taylor L. Davis, Richard E. Pratley, Bruce E. Rittmann, Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown () and Steven R. Smith ()
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Karen D. Corbin: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute
Elvis A. Carnero: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute
Blake Dirks: Arizona State University
Daria Igudesman: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute
Fanchao Yi: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute
Andrew Marcus: Arizona State University
Taylor L. Davis: Arizona State University
Richard E. Pratley: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute
Bruce E. Rittmann: Arizona State University
Rosa Krajmalnik-Brown: Arizona State University
Steven R. Smith: AdventHealth Translational Research Institute

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract The gut microbiome is emerging as a key modulator of human energy balance. Prior studies in humans lacked the environmental and dietary controls and precision required to quantitatively evaluate the contributions of the gut microbiome. Using a Microbiome Enhancer Diet (MBD) designed to deliver more dietary substrates to the colon and therefore modulate the gut microbiome, we quantified microbial and host contributions to human energy balance in a controlled feeding study with a randomized crossover design in young, healthy, weight stable males and females (NCT02939703). In a metabolic ward where the environment was strictly controlled, we measured energy intake, energy expenditure, and energy output (fecal and urinary). The primary endpoint was the within-participant difference in host metabolizable energy between experimental conditions [Control, Western Diet (WD) vs. MBD]. The secondary endpoints were enteroendocrine hormones, hunger/satiety, and food intake. Here we show that, compared to the WD, the MBD leads to an additional 116 ± 56 kcals (P 0.05). Microbial 16S rRNA gene copy number (a surrogate of biomass) increases (P

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38778-x

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