An E2-E3 pair contributes to seed size control in grain crops

Sha Tang, Zhiying Zhao, Xiaotong Liu, Yi Sui, Dandan Zhang, Hui Zhi, Yuanzhu Gao, Hui Zhang, Linlin Zhang, Yannan Wang, Meicheng Zhao, Dongdong Li, Ke Wang, Qiang He, Renliang Zhang, Wei Zhang, Guanqing Jia, Wenqiang Tang, Xingguo Ye, Chuanyin Wu and Xianmin Diao ()
Additional contact information
Sha Tang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Zhiying Zhao: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Xiaotong Liu: Hebei Normal University
Yi Sui: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Dandan Zhang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hui Zhi: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Yuanzhu Gao: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Hui Zhang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Linlin Zhang: China Agricultural University
Yannan Wang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Meicheng Zhao: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dongdong Li: China Agricultural University
Ke Wang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Qiang He: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Renliang Zhang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wei Zhang: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Guanqing Jia: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Wenqiang Tang: Hebei Normal University
Xingguo Ye: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Chuanyin Wu: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Xianmin Diao: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract Understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate grain yield is important for improving agricultural productivity. Protein ubiquitination controls various aspects of plant growth but lacks understanding on how E2-E3 enzyme pairs impact grain yield in major crops. Here, we identified a RING-type E3 ligase SGD1 and its E2 partner SiUBC32 responsible for grain yield control in Setaria italica. The conserved role of SGD1 was observed in wheat, maize, and rice. Furthermore, SGD1 ubiquitinates the brassinosteroid receptor BRI1, stabilizing it and promoting plant growth. Overexpression of an elite SGD1 haplotype improved grain yield by about 12.8% per plant, and promote complex biological processes such as protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, stress responses, photosystem stabilization, and nitrogen metabolism. Our research not only identifies the SiUBC32-SGD1-BRI1 genetic module that contributes to grain yield improvement but also provides a strategy for exploring key genes controlling important traits in Poaceae crops using the Setaria model system.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38812-y

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