Two RhoGEF isoforms with distinct localisation control furrow position during asymmetric cell division

Emilie Montembault, Irène Deduyer, Marie-Charlotte Claverie, Lou Bouit, Nicolas J. Tourasse, Denis Dupuy, Derek McCusker and Anne Royou ()
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Emilie Montembault: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Irène Deduyer: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Marie-Charlotte Claverie: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Lou Bouit: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Nicolas J. Tourasse: University of Bordeaux, INSERM, U1212, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Denis Dupuy: University of Bordeaux, INSERM, U1212, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Derek McCusker: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit
Anne Royou: University of Bordeaux, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Cytokinesis partitions cellular content between daughter cells. It relies on the formation of an acto-myosin contractile ring, whose constriction induces the ingression of the cleavage furrow between the segregated chromatids. Rho1 GTPase and its RhoGEF (Pbl) are essential for this process. However, how Rho1 is regulated to sustain furrow ingression while maintaining correct furrow position remains poorly defined. Here, we show that during asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblasts, Rho1 is controlled by two Pbl isoforms with distinct localisation. Spindle midzone- and furrow-enriched Pbl-A focuses Rho1 at the furrow to sustain efficient ingression, while Pbl-B pan-plasma membrane localization promotes the broadening of Rho1 activity and the subsequent enrichment of myosin on the entire cortex. This enlarged zone of Rho1 activity is critical to adjust furrow position, thereby preserving correct daughter cell size asymmetry. Our work highlights how the use of isoforms with distinct localisation makes an essential process more robust.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38912-9

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