Holocentromeres can consist of merely a few megabase-sized satellite arrays

Yi-Tzu Kuo (), Amanda Souza Câmara, Veit Schubert, Pavel Neumann, Jiří Macas, Michael Melzer, Jianyong Chen, Jörg Fuchs, Simone Abel, Evelyn Klocke, Bruno Huettel, Axel Himmelbach, Dmitri Demidov, Frank Dunemann, Martin Mascher, Takayoshi Ishii, André Marques and Andreas Houben ()
Additional contact information
Yi-Tzu Kuo: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Amanda Souza Câmara: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Veit Schubert: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Pavel Neumann: Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
Jiří Macas: Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology
Michael Melzer: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Jianyong Chen: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Jörg Fuchs: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Simone Abel: Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops
Evelyn Klocke: Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops
Bruno Huettel: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Axel Himmelbach: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Dmitri Demidov: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Frank Dunemann: Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Institute for Breeding Research on Horticultural Crops
Martin Mascher: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben
Takayoshi Ishii: Tottori University
André Marques: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Andreas Houben: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) Gatersleben

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-17

Abstract: Abstract The centromere is the chromosome region where microtubules attach during cell division. In contrast to monocentric chromosomes with one centromere, holocentric species usually distribute hundreds of centromere units along the entire chromatid. We assembled the chromosome-scale reference genome and analyzed the holocentromere and (epi)genome organization of the lilioid Chionographis japonica. Remarkably, each of its holocentric chromatids consists of only 7 to 11 evenly spaced megabase-sized centromere-specific histone H3-positive units. These units contain satellite arrays of 23 and 28 bp-long monomers capable of forming palindromic structures. Like monocentric species, C. japonica forms clustered centromeres in chromocenters at interphase. In addition, the large-scale eu- and heterochromatin arrangement differs between C. japonica and other known holocentric species. Finally, using polymer simulations, we model the formation of prometaphase line-like holocentromeres from interphase centromere clusters. Our findings broaden the knowledge about centromere diversity, showing that holocentricity is not restricted to species with numerous and small centromere units.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38922-7

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