Higher convergence of human-great ape enteric eukaryotic viromes in central African forest than in a European zoo: a One Health analysis

Victor Narat, Maud Salmona, Mamadou Kampo, Thibaut Heyer, Abdeljalil Senhaji Rachik, Severine Mercier-Delarue, Noémie Ranger, Stephanie Rupp, Philippe Ambata, Richard Njouom, François Simon, Jérôme Goff () and Tamara Giles-Vernick ()
Additional contact information
Victor Narat: Eco-anthropologie, MNHN/CNRS/Univ. Paris Cité
Maud Salmona: Virology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis
Mamadou Kampo: Anthropology and Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité
Thibaut Heyer: Cermes3, Université Paris Cité
Abdeljalil Senhaji Rachik: Virology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis
Severine Mercier-Delarue: Virology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis
Noémie Ranger: Laboratoire de virologie, Institut fédératif de Biologie, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse
Stephanie Rupp: City University of NewYork – Lehman College
Philippe Ambata: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development
Richard Njouom: Centre Pasteur du Cameroun
François Simon: Virology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis
Jérôme Goff: Virology, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis
Tamara Giles-Vernick: Anthropology and Ecology of Disease Emergence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Human-animal pathogenic transmissions threaten both human and animal health, and the processes catalyzing zoonotic spillover and spillback are complex. Prior field studies offer partial insight into these processes but overlook animal ecologies and human perceptions and practices facilitating human-animal contact. Conducted in Cameroon and a European zoo, this integrative study elucidates these processes, incorporating metagenomic, historical, anthropological and great ape ecological analyses, and real-time evaluation of human-great ape contact types and frequencies. We find more enteric eukaryotic virome sharing between Cameroonian humans and great apes than in the zoo, virome convergence between Cameroonian humans and gorillas, and adenovirus and enterovirus taxa as most frequently shared between Cameroonian humans and great apes. Together with physical contact from hunting, meat handling and fecal exposure, overlapping human cultivation and gorilla pillaging in forest gardens help explain these findings. Our multidisciplinary study identifies environmental co-use as a complementary mechanism for viral sharing.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39455-9

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