Ultrafast imaging of polariton propagation and interactions

Ding Xu, Arkajit Mandal, James M. Baxter, Shan-Wen Cheng, Inki Lee, Haowen Su, Song Liu, David R. Reichman () and Milan Delor ()
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Ding Xu: Columbia University
Arkajit Mandal: Columbia University
James M. Baxter: Columbia University
Shan-Wen Cheng: Columbia University
Inki Lee: Columbia University
Haowen Su: Columbia University
Song Liu: Columbia University
David R. Reichman: Columbia University
Milan Delor: Columbia University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Semiconductor excitations can hybridize with cavity photons to form exciton-polaritons (EPs) with remarkable properties, including light-like energy flow combined with matter-like interactions. To fully harness these properties, EPs must retain ballistic, coherent transport despite matter-mediated interactions with lattice phonons. Here we develop a nonlinear momentum-resolved optical approach that directly images EPs in real space on femtosecond scales in a range of polaritonic architectures. We focus our analysis on EP propagation in layered halide perovskite microcavities. We reveal that EP–phonon interactions lead to a large renormalization of EP velocities at high excitonic fractions at room temperature. Despite these strong EP–phonon interactions, ballistic transport is maintained for up to half-exciton EPs, in agreement with quantum simulations of dynamic disorder shielding through light-matter hybridization. Above 50% excitonic character, rapid decoherence leads to diffusive transport. Our work provides a general framework to precisely balance EP coherence, velocity, and nonlinear interactions.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39550-x

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