Mechanism of ATP hydrolysis dependent rotation of bacterial ATP synthase

Atsuki Nakano, Jun-ichi Kishikawa, Kaoru Mitsuoka and Ken Yokoyama ()
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Atsuki Nakano: Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama
Jun-ichi Kishikawa: Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama
Kaoru Mitsuoka: Osaka University
Ken Yokoyama: Kyoto Sangyo University, Kamigamo-Motoyama

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract F1 domain of ATP synthase is a rotary ATPase complex in which rotation of central γ-subunit proceeds in 120° steps against a surrounding α3β3 fueled by ATP hydrolysis. How the ATP hydrolysis reactions occurring in three catalytic αβ dimers are coupled to mechanical rotation is a key outstanding question. Here we describe catalytic intermediates of the F1 domain in FoF1 synthase from Bacillus PS3 sp. during ATP mediated rotation captured using cryo-EM. The structures reveal that three catalytic events and the first 80° rotation occur simultaneously in F1 domain when nucleotides are bound at all the three catalytic αβ dimers. The remaining 40° rotation of the complete 120° step is driven by completion of ATP hydrolysis at αDβD, and proceeds through three sub-steps (83°, 91°, 101°, and 120°) with three associated conformational intermediates. All sub-steps except for one between 91° and 101° associated with phosphate release, occur independently of the chemical cycle, suggesting that the 40° rotation is largely driven by release of intramolecular strain accumulated by the 80° rotation. Together with our previous results, these findings provide the molecular basis of ATP driven rotation of ATP synthases.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39742-5

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