Identification of transcriptional programs using dense vector representations defined by mutual information with GeneVector

Nicholas Ceglia (), Zachary Sethna, Samuel S. Freeman, Florian Uhlitz, Viktoria Bojilova, Nicole Rusk, Bharat Burman, Andrew Chow, Sohrab Salehi, Farhia Kabeer, Samuel Aparicio, Benjamin D. Greenbaum, Sohrab P. Shah and Andrew McPherson
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Nicholas Ceglia: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Zachary Sethna: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Samuel S. Freeman: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Florian Uhlitz: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Viktoria Bojilova: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Nicole Rusk: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Bharat Burman: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Andrew Chow: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Sohrab Salehi: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Farhia Kabeer: Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver
Samuel Aparicio: Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver
Benjamin D. Greenbaum: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Sohrab P. Shah: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Andrew McPherson: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Deciphering individual cell phenotypes from cell-specific transcriptional processes requires high dimensional single cell RNA sequencing. However, current dimensionality reduction methods aggregate sparse gene information across cells, without directly measuring the relationships that exist between genes. By performing dimensionality reduction with respect to gene co-expression, low-dimensional features can model these gene-specific relationships and leverage shared signal to overcome sparsity. We describe GeneVector, a scalable framework for dimensionality reduction implemented as a vector space model using mutual information between gene expression. Unlike other methods, including principal component analysis and variational autoencoders, GeneVector uses latent space arithmetic in a lower dimensional gene embedding to identify transcriptional programs and classify cell types. In this work, we show in four single cell RNA-seq datasets that GeneVector was able to capture phenotype-specific pathways, perform batch effect correction, interactively annotate cell types, and identify pathway variation with treatment over time.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39985-2

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