Atomically precise nanoclusters predominantly seed gold nanoparticle syntheses

Liang Qiao, Nia Pollard, Ravithree D. Senanayake, Zhi Yang, Minjung Kim, Arzeena S. Ali, Minh Tam Hoang, Nan Yao, Yimo Han, Rigoberto Hernandez, Andre Z. Clayborne and Matthew R. Jones ()
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Liang Qiao: Rice University
Nia Pollard: George Mason University
Ravithree D. Senanayake: Johns Hopkins University
Zhi Yang: Rice University
Minjung Kim: Rice University
Arzeena S. Ali: Rice University
Minh Tam Hoang: Johns Hopkins University
Nan Yao: Princeton University
Yimo Han: Rice University
Rigoberto Hernandez: Johns Hopkins University
Andre Z. Clayborne: George Mason University
Matthew R. Jones: Rice University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Seed-mediated synthesis strategies, in which small gold nanoparticle precursors are added to a growth solution to initiate heterogeneous nucleation, are among the most prevalent, simple, and productive methodologies for generating well-defined colloidal anisotropic nanostructures. However, the size, structure, and chemical properties of the seeds remain poorly understood, which partially explains the lack of mechanistic understanding of many particle growth reactions. Here, we identify the majority component in the seed solution as an atomically precise gold nanocluster, consisting of a 32-atom Au core with 8 halide ligands and 12 neutral ligands constituting a bound ion pair between a halide and the cationic surfactant: Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12 (X = Cl, Br; AQA = alkyl quaternary ammonium). Ligand exchange is dynamic and versatile, occurring on the order of minutes and allowing for the formation of 48 distinct Au32 clusters with AQAX (alkyl quaternary ammonium halide) ligands. Anisotropic nanoparticle syntheses seeded with solutions enriched in Au32X8[AQA+•X-]12 show narrower size distributions and fewer impurity particle shapes, indicating the importance of this cluster as a precursor to the growth of well-defined nanostructures.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40016-3

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