Atmospheric turbulence strength distribution along a propagation path probed by longitudinally structured optical beams

Huibin Zhou (), Xinzhou Su, Yuxiang Duan, Hao Song, Kaiheng Zou, Runzhou Zhang, Haoqian Song, Nanzhe Hu, Moshe Tur and Alan E. Willner ()
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Huibin Zhou: University of Southern California
Xinzhou Su: University of Southern California
Yuxiang Duan: University of Southern California
Hao Song: University of Southern California
Kaiheng Zou: University of Southern California
Runzhou Zhang: University of Southern California
Haoqian Song: University of Southern California
Nanzhe Hu: University of Southern California
Moshe Tur: Tel Aviv University
Alan E. Willner: University of Southern California

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Atmospheric turbulence can cause critical problems in many applications. To effectively avoid or mitigate turbulence, knowledge of turbulence strength at various distances could be of immense value. Due to light-matter interaction, optical beams can probe longitudinal turbulence changes. Unfortunately, previous approaches tended to be limited to relatively short distances or large transceivers. Here, we explore turbulence probing utilizing multiple sequentially transmitted longitudinally structured beams. Each beam is composed of Bessel-Gaussian ( $${{{{{{\rm{BG}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\mathcal{l}}}}}}{{=}}0,{k}_{z}}$$ BG l = 0 , k z ) modes with different $${k}_{z}$$ k z values such that a distance-varying beam width is produced, which results in a distance- and turbulence-dependent modal coupling to $${{{{{\mathcal{l}}}}}}{{{{{\mathscr{\ne }}}}}}0$$ l {{\relax \special {t4ht̂3)}\o:mathrel: {\unhbox \voidb@x \special {t4ht@+{38}{35}x2260;}x}}} 0 orders. Our simulation shows that this approach has relatively uniform and low errors (

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40381-z

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