Unreprogrammed H3K9me3 prevents minor zygotic genome activation and lineage commitment in SCNT embryos

Ruimin Xu, Qianshu Zhu, Yuyan Zhao, Mo Chen, Lingyue Yang, Shijun Shen, Guang Yang, Zhifei Shi, Xiaolei Zhang, Qi Shi, Xiaochen Kou, Yanhong Zhao, Hong Wang, Cizhong Jiang (), Chong Li (), Shaorong Gao () and Xiaoyu Liu ()
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Ruimin Xu: Tongji University
Qianshu Zhu: Tongji University
Yuyan Zhao: Tongji University
Mo Chen: Tongji University
Lingyue Yang: Tongji University
Shijun Shen: Tongji University
Guang Yang: Tongji University
Zhifei Shi: Tongji University
Xiaolei Zhang: Tongji University
Qi Shi: Tongji University
Xiaochen Kou: Tongji University
Yanhong Zhao: Tongji University
Hong Wang: Tongji University
Cizhong Jiang: Tongji University
Chong Li: Tongji University
Shaorong Gao: Tongji University
Xiaoyu Liu: Tongji University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) can be used to reprogram differentiated somatic cells to a totipotent state but has poor efficiency in supporting full-term development. H3K9me3 is considered to be an epigenetic barrier to zygotic genomic activation in 2-cell SCNT embryos. However, the mechanism underlying the failure of H3K9me3 reprogramming during SCNT embryo development remains elusive. Here, we perform genome-wide profiling of H3K9me3 in cumulus cell-derived SCNT embryos. We find redundant H3K9me3 marks are closely related to defective minor zygotic genome activation. Moreover, SCNT blastocysts show severely indistinct lineage-specific H3K9me3 deposition. We identify MAX and MCRS1 as potential H3K9me3-related transcription factors and are essential for early embryogenesis. Overexpression of Max and Mcrs1 significantly benefits SCNT embryo development. Notably, MCRS1 partially rescues lineage-specific H3K9me3 allocation, and further improves the efficiency of full-term development. Importantly, our data confirm the conservation of deficient H3K9me3 differentiation in Sertoli cell-derived SCNT embryos, which may be regulated by alternative mechanisms.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40496-3

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