An X-ray free-electron laser with a highly configurable undulator and integrated chicanes for tailored pulse properties

Eduard Prat (), Andre Al Haddad, Christopher Arrell, Sven Augustin, Marco Boll, Christoph Bostedt, Marco Calvi, Adrian L. Cavalieri, Paolo Craievich, Andreas Dax, Philipp Dijkstal, Eugenio Ferrari, Rolf Follath, Romain Ganter, Zheqiao Geng, Nicole Hiller, Martin Huppert, Rasmus Ischebeck, Pavle Juranić, Christoph Kittel, Gregor Knopp, Alexander Malyzhenkov, Fabio Marcellini, Stefan Neppl, Sven Reiche, Nicholas Sammut, Thomas Schietinger, Thomas Schmidt, Kirsten Schnorr, Alexandre Trisorio, Carlo Vicario, Didier Voulot, Guanglei Wang and Tobias Weilbach
Additional contact information
Eduard Prat: Paul Scherrer Institut
Andre Al Haddad: Paul Scherrer Institut
Christopher Arrell: Paul Scherrer Institut
Sven Augustin: Paul Scherrer Institut
Marco Boll: Paul Scherrer Institut
Christoph Bostedt: Paul Scherrer Institut
Marco Calvi: Paul Scherrer Institut
Adrian L. Cavalieri: Paul Scherrer Institut
Paolo Craievich: Paul Scherrer Institut
Andreas Dax: Paul Scherrer Institut
Philipp Dijkstal: Paul Scherrer Institut
Eugenio Ferrari: Paul Scherrer Institut
Rolf Follath: Paul Scherrer Institut
Romain Ganter: Paul Scherrer Institut
Zheqiao Geng: Paul Scherrer Institut
Nicole Hiller: Paul Scherrer Institut
Martin Huppert: Paul Scherrer Institut
Rasmus Ischebeck: Paul Scherrer Institut
Pavle Juranić: Paul Scherrer Institut
Christoph Kittel: Paul Scherrer Institut
Gregor Knopp: Paul Scherrer Institut
Alexander Malyzhenkov: Paul Scherrer Institut
Fabio Marcellini: Paul Scherrer Institut
Stefan Neppl: Paul Scherrer Institut
Sven Reiche: Paul Scherrer Institut
Nicholas Sammut: University of Malta
Thomas Schietinger: Paul Scherrer Institut
Thomas Schmidt: Paul Scherrer Institut
Kirsten Schnorr: Paul Scherrer Institut
Alexandre Trisorio: Paul Scherrer Institut
Carlo Vicario: Paul Scherrer Institut
Didier Voulot: Paul Scherrer Institut
Guanglei Wang: Paul Scherrer Institut
Tobias Weilbach: Paul Scherrer Institut

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs) are state-of-the-art scientific tools capable to study matter on the scale of atomic processes. Since the initial operation of X-ray FELs more than a decade ago, several facilities with upgraded performance have been put in operation. Here we present the first lasing results of Athos, the soft X-ray FEL beamline of SwissFEL at the Paul Scherrer Institute in Switzerland. Athos features an undulator layout based on short APPLE-X modules providing full polarisation control, interleaved with small magnetic chicanes. This versatile configuration allows for many operational modes, giving control over many FEL properties. We show, for example, a 35% reduction of the required undulator length to achieve FEL saturation with respect to standard undulator configurations. We also demonstrate the generation of more powerful pulses than the ones obtained in typical undulators. Athos represents a fundamental step forward in the design of FEL facilities, creating opportunities in FEL-based sciences.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40759-z

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