Entanglement in the quantum phases of an unfrustrated Rydberg atom array

Matthew J. O’Rourke and Garnet Kin-Lic Chan ()
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Matthew J. O’Rourke: California Institute of Technology
Garnet Kin-Lic Chan: California Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Recent experimental advances have stimulated interest in the use of large, two-dimensional arrays of Rydberg atoms as a platform for quantum information processing and to study exotic many-body quantum states. However, the native long-range interactions between the atoms complicate experimental analysis and precise theoretical understanding of these systems. Here we use new tensor network algorithms capable of including all long-range interactions to study the ground state phase diagram of Rydberg atoms in a geometrically unfrustrated square lattice array. We find a greatly altered phase diagram from earlier numerical and experimental studies, revealed by studying the phases on the bulk lattice and their analogs in experiment-sized finite arrays. We further describe a previously unknown region with a nematic phase stabilized by short-range entanglement and an order from disorder mechanism. Broadly our results yield a conceptual guide for future experiments, while our techniques provide a blueprint for converging numerical studies in other lattices.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41166-0

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