Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) in marine mammals and seabirds in Peru

Mariana Leguia (), Alejandra Garcia-Glaessner, Breno Muñoz-Saavedra, Diana Juarez, Patricia Barrera, Carlos Calvo-Mac, Javier Jara, Walter Silva, Karl Ploog, Lady Amaro, Paulo Colchao-Claux, Christine K. Johnson, Marcela M. Uhart, Martha I. Nelson and Jesus Lescano
Additional contact information
Mariana Leguia: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)
Alejandra Garcia-Glaessner: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)
Breno Muñoz-Saavedra: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)
Diana Juarez: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)
Patricia Barrera: Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP)
Carlos Calvo-Mac: Centers for Research in Emerging Infectious Diseases
Javier Jara: Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) del Perú
Walter Silva: Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) del Perú
Karl Ploog: Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) del Perú
Lady Amaro: Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) del Perú
Paulo Colchao-Claux: Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) – Perú
Christine K. Johnson: Centers for Research in Emerging Infectious Diseases
Marcela M. Uhart: Centers for Research in Emerging Infectious Diseases
Martha I. Nelson: National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Jesus Lescano: Ministerio de Desarrollo Agrario y Riego (MIDAGRI) del Perú

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A/H5N1 viruses (lineage 2.3.4.4b) are rapidly invading the Americas, threatening wildlife, poultry, and potentially evolving into the next global pandemic. In November 2022 HPAI arrived in Peru, triggering massive pelican and sea lion die-offs. We report genomic characterization of HPAI/H5N1 in five species of marine mammals and seabirds (dolphins, sea lions, sanderlings, pelicans and cormorants). Peruvian viruses belong to lineage 2.3.4.4b, but they are 4:4 reassortants where 4 genomic segments (PA, HA, NA and MP) position within the Eurasian lineage that initially entered North America from Eurasia, while the other 4 genomic segments (PB2, PB1, NP and NS) position within the American lineage (clade C) that circulated in North America. These viruses are rapidly accruing mutations, including mutations of concern, that warrant further examination and highlight an urgent need for active local surveillance to manage outbreaks and limit spillover into other species, including humans.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41182-0

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