Dynamics of transposable element accumulation in the non-recombining regions of mating-type chromosomes in anther-smut fungi

Marine Duhamel (), Michael E. Hood, Ricardo C. Rodríguez de la Vega and Tatiana Giraud
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Marine Duhamel: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, IDEEV, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay
Michael E. Hood: Department of Biology, Amherst College
Ricardo C. Rodríguez de la Vega: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, IDEEV, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay
Tatiana Giraud: Ecologie Systématique Evolution, IDEEV, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-18

Abstract: Abstract In the absence of recombination, the number of transposable elements (TEs) increases due to less efficient selection, but the dynamics of such TE accumulations are not well characterized. Leveraging a dataset of 21 independent events of recombination cessation of different ages in mating-type chromosomes of Microbotryum fungi, we show that TEs rapidly accumulated in regions lacking recombination, but that TE content reached a plateau at ca. 50% of occupied base pairs by 1.5 million years following recombination suppression. The same TE superfamilies have expanded in independently evolved non-recombining regions, in particular rolling-circle replication elements (Helitrons). Long-terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons of the Copia and Ty3 superfamilies also expanded, through transposition bursts (distinguished from gene conversion based on LTR divergence), with both non-recombining regions and autosomes affected, suggesting that non-recombining regions constitute TE reservoirs. This study improves our knowledge of genome evolution by showing that TEs can accumulate through bursts, following non-linear decelerating dynamics.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41413-4

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