Tracing immune cells around biomaterials with spatial anchors during large-scale wound regeneration

Yang Yang, Chenyu Chu, Li Liu, Chenbing Wang, Chen Hu, Shengan Rung, Yi Man () and Yili Qu ()
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Yang Yang: Sichuan University
Chenyu Chu: Sichuan University
Li Liu: Sichuan University
Chenbing Wang: Sichuan University
Chen Hu: Sichuan University
Shengan Rung: Sichuan University
Yi Man: Sichuan University
Yili Qu: Sichuan University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Skin scarring devoid of dermal appendages after severe trauma has unfavorable effects on aesthetic and physiological functions. Here we present a method for large-area wound regeneration using biodegradable aligned extracellular matrix scaffolds. We show that the implantation of these scaffolds accelerates wound coverage and enhances hair follicle neogenesis. We perform multimodal analysis, in combination with single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, to explore the immune responses around biomaterials, highlighting the potential role of regulatory T cells in mitigating tissue fibrous by suppressing excessive type 2 inflammation. We find that immunodeficient mice lacking mature T lymphocytes show the typical characteristic of tissue fibrous driven by type 2 macrophage inflammation, validating the potential therapeutic effect of the adaptive immune system activated by biomaterials. These findings contribute to our understanding of the coordination of immune systems in wound regeneration and facilitate the design of immunoregulatory biomaterials in the future.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41608-9

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