Mechanically enhanced biogenesis of gut spheroids with instability-driven morphomechanics

Feng Lin, Xia Li, Shiyu Sun, Zhongyi Li, Chenglin Lv, Jianbo Bai, Lin Song, Yizhao Han, Bo Li (), Jianping Fu and Yue Shao ()
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Feng Lin: Tsinghua University
Xia Li: Tsinghua University
Shiyu Sun: Tsinghua University
Zhongyi Li: Tsinghua University
Chenglin Lv: Tsinghua University
Jianbo Bai: Tsinghua University
Lin Song: Kunming University of Science and Technology
Yizhao Han: Tsinghua University
Bo Li: Tsinghua University
Jianping Fu: University of Michigan
Yue Shao: Tsinghua University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract Region-specific gut spheroids are precursors for gastrointestinal and pulmonary organoids that hold great promise for fundamental studies and translations. However, efficient production of gut spheroids remains challenging due to a lack of control and mechanistic understanding of gut spheroid morphogenesis. Here, we report an efficient biomaterial system, termed micropatterned gut spheroid generator (μGSG), to generate gut spheroids from human pluripotent stem cells through mechanically enhanced tissue morphogenesis. We show that μGSG enhances the biogenesis of gut spheroids independent of micropattern shape and size; instead, mechanically enforced cell multilayering and crowding is demonstrated as a general, geometry-insensitive mechanism that is necessary and sufficient for promoting spheroid formation. Combining experimental findings and an active-phase-field morphomechanics theory, our study further reveals an instability-driven mechanism and a mechanosensitive phase diagram governing spheroid pearling and fission in μGSG. This work unveils mechanobiological paradigms based on tissue architecture and surface tension for controlling tissue morphogenesis and advancing organoid technology.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41760-2

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