Previous infection with seasonal coronaviruses does not protect male Syrian hamsters from challenge with SARS-CoV-2

Magen E. Francis, Ethan B. Jansen, Anthony Yourkowski, Alaa Selim, Cynthia L. Swan, Brian K. MacPhee, Brittany Thivierge, Rachelle Buchanan, Kerry J. Lavender, Joseph Darbellay, Matthew B. Rogers, Jocelyne Lew, Volker Gerdts, Darryl Falzarano, Danuta M. Skowronski, Calvin Sjaarda and Alyson A. Kelvin ()
Additional contact information
Magen E. Francis: University of Saskatchewan
Ethan B. Jansen: University of Saskatchewan
Anthony Yourkowski: University of Saskatchewan
Alaa Selim: University of Saskatchewan
Cynthia L. Swan: University of Saskatchewan
Brian K. MacPhee: University of Saskatchewan
Brittany Thivierge: University of Saskatchewan
Rachelle Buchanan: University of Saskatchewan
Kerry J. Lavender: University of Saskatchewan
Joseph Darbellay: University of Saskatchewan
Matthew B. Rogers: University of Saskatchewan
Jocelyne Lew: University of Saskatchewan
Volker Gerdts: University of Saskatchewan
Darryl Falzarano: University of Saskatchewan
Danuta M. Skowronski: BC Centre for Disease Control, Immunization Programs and Vaccine Preventable Diseases Service
Calvin Sjaarda: Queen’s University
Alyson A. Kelvin: University of Saskatchewan

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-21

Abstract: Abstract SARS-CoV-2 variants and seasonal coronaviruses continue to cause disease and coronaviruses in the animal reservoir pose a constant spillover threat. Importantly, understanding of how previous infection may influence future exposures, especially in the context of seasonal coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 variants, is still limited. Here we adopted a step-wise experimental approach to examine the primary immune response and subsequent immune recall toward antigenically distinct coronaviruses using male Syrian hamsters. Hamsters were initially inoculated with seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV-NL63, HCoV-229E, or HCoV-OC43), or SARS-CoV-2 pango B lineage virus, then challenged with SARS-CoV-2 pango B lineage virus, or SARS-CoV-2 variants Beta or Omicron. Although infection with seasonal coronaviruses offered little protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, HCoV-NL63-infected animals had an increase of the previously elicited HCoV-NL63-specific neutralizing antibodies during challenge with SARS-CoV-2. On the other hand, primary infection with HCoV-OC43 induced distinct T cell gene signatures. Gene expression profiling indicated interferon responses and germinal center reactions to be induced during more similar primary infection-challenge combinations while signatures of increased inflammation as well as suppression of the antiviral response were observed following antigenically distant viral challenges. This work characterizes and analyzes seasonal coronaviruses effect on SARS-CoV-2 secondary infection and the findings are important for pan-coronavirus vaccine design.

Date: 2023
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41761-1 Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-41761-1

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41761-1

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().