Low-temperature anode-free potassium metal batteries

Mengyao Tang, Shuai Dong, Jiawei Wang, Liwei Cheng, Qiaonan Zhu, Yanmei Li, Xiuyi Yang, Lin Guo () and Hua Wang ()
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Mengyao Tang: Beihang University
Shuai Dong: Beihang University
Jiawei Wang: Beihang University
Liwei Cheng: Beihang University
Qiaonan Zhu: Beihang University
Yanmei Li: University of Science and Technology Beijing
Xiuyi Yang: Beihang University
Lin Guo: Beihang University
Hua Wang: Beihang University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract In contrast to conventional batteries, anode-free configurations can extend cell-level energy densities closer to the theoretical limit. However, realizing alkali metal plating/stripping on a bare current collector with high reversibility is challenging, especially at low temperature, as an unstable solid-electrolyte interphase and uncontrolled dendrite growth occur more easily. Here, a low-temperature anode-free potassium (K) metal non-aqueous battery is reported. By introducing Si-O-based additives, namely polydimethylsiloxane, in a weak-solvation low-concentration electrolyte of 0.4 M potassium hexafluorophosphate in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, the in situ formed potassiophilic interface enables uniform K deposition, and offers K||Cu cells with an average K plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency of 99.80% at −40 °C. Consequently, anode-free Cu||prepotassiated 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylicacid-dianhydride full batteries achieve stable cycling with a high specific energy of 152 Wh kg−1 based on the total mass of the negative and positive electrodes at 0.2 C (26 mA g−1) charge/discharge and −40 °C.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41778-6

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