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Electrically programmable magnetic coupling in an Ising network exploiting solid-state ionic gating

Chao Yun, Zhongyu Liang, Aleš Hrabec, Zhentao Liu, Mantao Huang, Leran Wang, Yifei Xiao, Yikun Fang, Wei Li, Wenyun Yang, Yanglong Hou, Jinbo Yang, Laura J. Heyderman (), Pietro Gambardella () and Zhaochu Luo ()
Additional contact information
Chao Yun: Peking University
Zhongyu Liang: Peking University
Aleš Hrabec: ETH Zurich
Zhentao Liu: ETH Zurich
Mantao Huang: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Leran Wang: Peking University
Yifei Xiao: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group
Yikun Fang: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group
Wei Li: Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Group
Wenyun Yang: Peking University
Yanglong Hou: Peking University
Jinbo Yang: Peking University
Laura J. Heyderman: ETH Zurich
Pietro Gambardella: ETH Zurich
Zhaochu Luo: Peking University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Two-dimensional arrays of magnetically coupled nanomagnets provide a mesoscopic platform for exploring collective phenomena as well as realizing a broad range of spintronic devices. In particular, the magnetic coupling plays a critical role in determining the nature of the cooperative behavior and providing new functionalities in nanomagnet-based devices. Here, we create coupled Ising-like nanomagnets in which the coupling between adjacent nanomagnetic regions can be reversibly converted between parallel and antiparallel through solid-state ionic gating. This is achieved with the voltage-control of the magnetic anisotropy in a nanosized region where the symmetric exchange interaction favors parallel alignment and the antisymmetric exchange interaction, namely the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, favors antiparallel alignment of the nanomagnet magnetizations. Applying this concept to a two-dimensional lattice, we demonstrate a voltage-controlled phase transition in artificial spin ices. Furthermore, we achieve an addressable control of the individual couplings and realize an electrically programmable Ising network, which opens up new avenues to design nanomagnet-based logic devices and neuromorphic computers.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41830-5

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