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Extending on-surface synthesis from 2D to 3D by cycloaddition with C60

Pengcheng Ding, Shaoshan Wang, Cristina Mattioli, Zhuo Li, Guoqiang Shi, Ye Sun, André Gourdon, Lev Kantorovich, Flemming Besenbacher, Federico Rosei and Miao Yu ()
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Pengcheng Ding: Harbin Institute of Technology
Shaoshan Wang: Harbin Institute of Technology
Cristina Mattioli: CEMES-CNRS
Zhuo Li: Harbin Institute of Technology
Guoqiang Shi: Harbin Institute of Technology
Ye Sun: Harbin Institute of Technology
André Gourdon: CEMES-CNRS
Lev Kantorovich: King’s College London, The Strand
Flemming Besenbacher: Aarhus University
Federico Rosei: Materials and Telecommunications
Miao Yu: Harbin Institute of Technology

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract As an efficient molecular engineering approach, on-surface synthesis (OSS) defines a special opportunity to investigate intermolecular coupling at the sub-molecular level and has delivered many appealing polymers. So far, all OSS is based on the lateral covalent bonding of molecular precursors within a single molecular layer; extending OSS from two to three dimensions is yet to be realized. Herein, we address this challenge by cycloaddition between C60 and an aromatic compound. The C60 layer is assembled on the well-defined molecular network, allowing appropriate molecular orbital hybridization. Upon thermal activation, covalent coupling perpendicular to the surface via [4 + 2] cycloaddition between C60 and the phenyl ring of the molecule is realized; the resultant adduct shows frozen orientation and distinct sub-molecular feature at room temperature and further enables lateral covalent bonding via [2 + 2] cycloaddition. This work unlocks an unconventional route for bottom-up precise synthesis of three-dimensional covalently-bonded organic architectures/devices on surfaces.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41913-3

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