Experimental realisation of multi-qubit gates using electron paramagnetic resonance

Edmund J. Little, Jacob Mrozek, Ciarán J. Rogers, Junjie Liu, Eric J. L. McInnes, Alice M. Bowen (), Arzhang Ardavan () and Richard E. P. Winpenny ()
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Edmund J. Little: The University of Manchester
Jacob Mrozek: University of Oxford
Ciarán J. Rogers: The University of Manchester
Junjie Liu: University of Oxford
Eric J. L. McInnes: The University of Manchester
Alice M. Bowen: The University of Manchester
Arzhang Ardavan: University of Oxford
Richard E. P. Winpenny: The University of Manchester

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Quantum information processing promises to revolutionise computing; quantum algorithms have been discovered that address common tasks significantly more efficiently than their classical counterparts. For a physical system to be a viable quantum computer it must be possible to initialise its quantum state, to realise a set of universal quantum logic gates, including at least one multi-qubit gate, and to make measurements of qubit states. Molecular Electron Spin Qubits (MESQs) have been proposed to fulfil these criteria, as their bottom-up synthesis should facilitate tuning properties as desired and the reproducible production of multi-MESQ structures. Here we explore how to perform a two-qubit entangling gate on a multi-MESQ system, and how to readout the state via quantum state tomography. We propose methods of accomplishing both procedures using multifrequency pulse Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and apply them to a model MESQ structure consisting of two nitroxide spin centres. Our results confirm the methodological principles and shed light on the experimental hurdles which must be overcome to realise a demonstration of controlled entanglement on this system.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42169-7

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