Endocytosis-mediated entry of a caterpillar effector into plants is countered by Jasmonate

Zi-Wei Yan, Fang-Yan Chen, Xian Zhang, Wen-Juan Cai, Chun-Yu Chen, Jie Liu, Man-Ni Wu, Ning-Jing Liu, Bin Ma, Mu-Yang Wang, Dai-Yin Chao, Cai-Ji Gao and Ying-Bo Mao ()
Additional contact information
Zi-Wei Yan: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Fang-Yan Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Xian Zhang: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Wen-Juan Cai: Core Facility Center of CEMPS/SIPPE, CAS
Chun-Yu Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Jie Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Man-Ni Wu: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Ning-Jing Liu: CEMPS/SIPPE, CAS
Bin Ma: CEMPS/SIPPE, CAS
Mu-Yang Wang: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
Dai-Yin Chao: CEMPS/SIPPE, CAS
Cai-Ji Gao: South China Normal University (SCNU)
Ying-Bo Mao: Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-14

Abstract: Abstract Insects and pathogens release effectors into plant cells to weaken the host defense or immune response. While the imports of some bacterial and fungal effectors into plants have been previously characterized, the mechanisms of how caterpillar effectors enter plant cells remain a mystery. Using live cell imaging and real-time protein tracking, we show that HARP1, an effector from the oral secretions of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera), enters plant cells via protein-mediated endocytosis. The entry of HARP1 into a plant cell depends on its interaction with vesicle trafficking components including CTL1, PATL2, and TET8. The plant defense hormone jasmonate (JA) restricts HARP1 import by inhibiting endocytosis and HARP1 loading into endosomes. Combined with the previous report that HARP1 inhibits JA signaling output in host plants, it unveils that the effector and JA establish a defense and counter-defense loop reflecting the robust arms race between plants and insects.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42226-1

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