Subgap spectroscopy along hybrid nanowires by nm-thick tunnel barriers

Vukan Levajac, Ji-Yin Wang (), Cristina Sfiligoj, Mathilde Lemang, Jan Cornelis Wolff, Alberto Bordin, Ghada Badawy, Sasa Gazibegovic, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers and Leo P. Kouwenhoven
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Vukan Levajac: Delft University of Technology
Ji-Yin Wang: Delft University of Technology
Cristina Sfiligoj: Delft University of Technology
Mathilde Lemang: Delft University of Technology
Jan Cornelis Wolff: Delft University of Technology
Alberto Bordin: Delft University of Technology
Ghada Badawy: Eindhoven University of Technology
Sasa Gazibegovic: Eindhoven University of Technology
Erik P. A. M. Bakkers: Eindhoven University of Technology
Leo P. Kouwenhoven: Delft University of Technology

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Tunneling spectroscopy is widely used to examine the subgap spectra in semiconductor-superconductor nanostructures when searching for Majorana zero modes (MZMs). Typically, semiconductor sections controlled by local gates at the ends of hybrids serve as tunnel barriers. Besides detecting states only at the hybrid ends, such gate-defined tunnel probes can cause the formation of non-topological subgap states that mimic MZMs. Here, we develop an alternative type of tunnel probes to overcome these limitations. After the growth of an InSb-Al hybrid nanowire, a precisely controlled in-situ oxidation of the Al shell is performed to yield a nm-thick AlOx layer. In such thin isolating layer, tunnel probes can be arbitrarily defined at any position along the hybrid nanowire by shadow-wall angle-deposition of metallic leads. In this work, we make multiple tunnel probes along single nanowire hybrids and successfully identify Andreev bound states (ABSs) of various spatial extension residing along the hybrids.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42422-z

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