Microwave excitation of atomic scale superconducting bound states

Janis Siebrecht, Haonan Huang, Piotr Kot, Robert Drost, Ciprian Padurariu, Björn Kubala, Joachim Ankerhold, Juan Carlos Cuevas and Christian R. Ast ()
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Janis Siebrecht: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung
Haonan Huang: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung
Piotr Kot: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung
Robert Drost: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung
Ciprian Padurariu: Universität Ulm
Björn Kubala: Universität Ulm
Joachim Ankerhold: Universität Ulm
Juan Carlos Cuevas: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Christian R. Ast: Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Magnetic impurities on superconductors lead to bound states within the superconducting gap, so called Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states. They are parity protected, which enhances their lifetime, but makes it more difficult to excite them. Here, we realize the excitation of YSR states by microwaves facilitated by the tunnel coupling to another superconducting electrode in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). We identify the excitation process through a family of anomalous microwave-assisted tunneling peaks originating from a second-order resonant Andreev process, in which the microwave excites the YSR state triggering a tunneling event transferring a total of two charges. We vary the amplitude and the frequency of the microwave to identify the energy threshold and the evolution of this excitation process. Our work sets an experimental basis and proof-of-principle for the manipulation of YSR states using microwaves with an outlook towards YSR qubits.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42454-5

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