Shade-induced RTFL/DVL peptides negatively regulate the shade response by directly interacting with BSKs in Arabidopsis

Sha Huang, Yu Ma, Yitian Xu, Pengfei Lu, Jie Yang, Yu Xie, Jianhua Gan and Lin Li ()
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Sha Huang: Fudan University
Yu Ma: Fudan University
Yitian Xu: Fudan University
Pengfei Lu: Fudan University
Jie Yang: Fudan University
Yu Xie: Fudan University
Jianhua Gan: Fudan University
Lin Li: Fudan University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract For shade-intolerant species, shade light indicates the close proximity of neighboring plants and triggers the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS), which causes exaggerated growth and reduced crop yield. Here, we report that non-secreted ROT FOUR LIKE (RTFL)/DEVIL (DVL) peptides negatively regulate SAS by interacting with BRASSINOSTEROID SIGNALING KINASEs (BSKs) and reducing the protein level of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) in Arabidopsis. The transcription of at least five RTFLs (RTFL13/16/17/18/21) is induced by low R:FR light. The RTFL18 (DVL1) protein is stabilized under low R:FR conditions and localized to the plasma membrane. A phenotype analysis reveals that RTFL18 negatively regulates low R:FR-promoted petiole elongation. BSK3 and BSK6 are identified as partners of RTFL18 through binding assays and structural modeling. The overexpression of RTFL18 or knockdown of BSK3/6 reduces BRASSINOSTEROID signaling and reduces low R:FR-stabilized PIF4 levels. Genetically, the overexpression of BSK3/6 and PIF4 restores the petiole phenotype acquired by RTFL18-overexpressing lines. Collectively, our work characterizes a signaling cascade (the RTFLs-BSK3/6-PIF4 pathway) that prevents the excessive activation of the shade avoidance response in Arabidopsis.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42618-3

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