Paleogene India-Eurasia collision constrained by observed plate rotation

Xiaoyue Wu, Jiashun Hu (), Ling Chen, Liang Liu and Lijun Liu ()
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Xiaoyue Wu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jiashun Hu: Southern University of Science and Technology
Ling Chen: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Liang Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences
Lijun Liu: Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision has had profound impacts on shaping the Tibetan plateau, but its early history remains controversial due to uneven availability of constraints. Recent plate reconstructions reveal two prominent counterclockwise rotation (azimuthal change) rate peaks of the Indian plate at 52-44 and 33-20 Ma, respectively, which could bear key information about this collision history. Using fully dynamic three-dimensional numerical modeling, we show that the first rotation rate peak reflected the initial diachronous collision from the western-central to eastern Indian front, and the second peak reflected the full collision leading to strong coupling between India and Eurasia. Further comparison with observation suggests that the initial and complete India-Eurasia collision likely occurred at 55 ± 5 and 40 ± 5 Ma, respectively, an inference consistent with key geological observations. We suggest that this collision history is instructive for studying the tectonic history of the Tibetan plateau and its surrounding areas.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42920-0

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