A toxin-antidote system contributes to interspecific reproductive isolation in rice

Shimin You, Zhigang Zhao, Xiaowen Yu, Shanshan Zhu, Jian Wang, Dekun Lei, Jiawu Zhou, Jing Li, Haiyuan Chen, Yanjia Xiao, Weiwei Chen, Qiming Wang, Jiayu Lu, Keyi Chen, Chunlei Zhou, Xin Zhang, Zhijun Cheng, Xiuping Guo, Yulong Ren, Xiaoming Zheng, Shijia Liu, Xi Liu, Yunlu Tian, Ling Jiang, Dayun Tao (), Chuanyin Wu () and Jianmin Wan ()
Additional contact information
Shimin You: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Zhigang Zhao: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Xiaowen Yu: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Shanshan Zhu: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Jian Wang: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Dekun Lei: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Jiawu Zhou: Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS)
Jing Li: Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS)
Haiyuan Chen: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Yanjia Xiao: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Weiwei Chen: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Qiming Wang: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Jiayu Lu: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Keyi Chen: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Chunlei Zhou: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Xin Zhang: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Zhijun Cheng: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Xiuping Guo: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Yulong Ren: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Xiaoming Zheng: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Shijia Liu: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Xi Liu: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Yunlu Tian: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Ling Jiang: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory
Dayun Tao: Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS)
Chuanyin Wu: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)
Jianmin Wan: Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Breakdown of reproductive isolation facilitates flow of useful trait genes into crop plants from their wild relatives. Hybrid sterility, a major form of reproductive isolation exists between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and wild rice (O. meridionalis, Mer). Here, we report the cloning of qHMS1, a quantitative trait locus controlling hybrid male sterility between these two species. Like qHMS7, another locus we cloned previously, qHMS1 encodes a toxin-antidote system, but differs in the encoded proteins, their evolutionary origin, and action time point during pollen development. In plants heterozygous at qHMS1, ~ 50% of pollens carrying qHMS1-D (an allele from cultivated rice) are selectively killed. In plants heterozygous at both qHMS1 and qHMS7, ~ 75% pollens without co-presence of qHMS1-Mer and qHMS7-D are selectively killed, indicating that the antidotes function in a toxin-dependent manner. Our results indicate that different toxin-antidote systems provide stacked reproductive isolation for maintaining species identity and shed light on breakdown of hybrid male sterility.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43015-6

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