Soliton confinement in a quantum circuit

Ananda Roy () and Sergei L. Lukyanov ()
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Ananda Roy: Rutgers University
Sergei L. Lukyanov: Rutgers University

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Confinement of topological excitations into particle-like states - typically associated with theories of elementary particles - are known to occur in condensed matter systems, arising as domain-wall confinement in quantum spin chains. However, investigation of confinement in the condensed matter setting has rarely ventured beyond lattice spin systems. Here we analyze the confinement of sine-Gordon solitons into mesonic bound states in a perturbed quantum sine-Gordon model. The latter describes the scaling limit of a one-dimensional, quantum electronic circuit (QEC) array, constructed using experimentally-demonstrated QEC elements. The scaling limit is reached faster for the QEC array compared to spin chains, allowing investigation of the strong-coupling regime of this model. We compute the string tension of confinement of sine-Gordon solitons and the changes in the low-lying energy spectrum. These results, obtained using the density matrix renormalization group method, could be verified in a quench experiment using state-of-the-art QEC technologies.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43107-3

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