Breaking the photoswitch speed limit

Grace C. Thaggard, Kyoung Chul Park, Jaewoong Lim, Buddhima K. P. Maldeni Kankanamalage, Johanna Haimerl, Gina R. Wilson, Margaret K. McBride, Kelly L. Forrester, Esther R. Adelson, Virginia S. Arnold, Shehani T. Wetthasinghe, Vitaly A. Rassolov, Mark D. Smith, Daniil Sosnin, Ivan Aprahamian, Manisha Karmakar, Sayan Kumar Bag, Arunabha Thakur, Minjie Zhang, Ben Zhong Tang, Jorge A. Castaño, Manuel N. Chaur, Michael M. Lerch, Roland A. Fischer, Joanna Aizenberg, Rainer Herges, Jean-Marie Lehn and Natalia B. Shustova ()
Additional contact information
Grace C. Thaggard: University of South Carolina
Kyoung Chul Park: University of South Carolina
Jaewoong Lim: University of South Carolina
Buddhima K. P. Maldeni Kankanamalage: University of South Carolina
Johanna Haimerl: University of South Carolina
Gina R. Wilson: University of South Carolina
Margaret K. McBride: University of South Carolina
Kelly L. Forrester: University of South Carolina
Esther R. Adelson: University of South Carolina
Virginia S. Arnold: University of South Carolina
Shehani T. Wetthasinghe: University of South Carolina
Vitaly A. Rassolov: University of South Carolina
Mark D. Smith: University of South Carolina
Daniil Sosnin: Dartmouth College
Ivan Aprahamian: Dartmouth College
Manisha Karmakar: Jadavpur University
Sayan Kumar Bag: Jadavpur University
Arunabha Thakur: Jadavpur University
Minjie Zhang: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Ben Zhong Tang: The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Jorge A. Castaño: Universidad del Valle
Manuel N. Chaur: Universidad del Valle
Michael M. Lerch: University of Groningen
Roland A. Fischer: Technical University of Munich
Joanna Aizenberg: Harvard University
Rainer Herges: University of Kiel
Jean-Marie Lehn: Université de Strasbourg
Natalia B. Shustova: University of South Carolina

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract The forthcoming generation of materials, including artificial muscles, recyclable and healable systems, photochromic heterogeneous catalysts, or tailorable supercapacitors, relies on the fundamental concept of rapid switching between two or more discrete forms in the solid state. Herein, we report a breakthrough in the “speed limit” of photochromic molecules on the example of sterically-demanding spiropyran derivatives through their integration within solvent-free confined space, allowing for engineering of the photoresponsive moiety environment and tailoring their photoisomerization rates. The presented conceptual approach realized through construction of the spiropyran environment results in ~1000 times switching enhancement even in the solid state compared to its behavior in solution, setting a record in the field of photochromic compounds. Moreover, integration of two distinct photochromic moieties in the same framework provided access to a dynamic range of rates as well as complementary switching in the material’s optical profile, uncovering a previously inaccessible pathway for interstate rapid photoisomerization.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43405-w

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