Green electrosynthesis of 3,3’-diamino-4,4’-azofurazan energetic materials coupled with energy-efficient hydrogen production over Pt-based catalysts

Jiachen Li, Yuqiang Ma, Cong Zhang, Chi Zhang, Huijun Ma, Zhaoqi Guo, Ning Liu, Ming Xu (), Haixia Ma () and Jieshan Qiu ()
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Jiachen Li: Northwest University
Yuqiang Ma: Northwest University
Cong Zhang: Northwest University
Chi Zhang: Northwest University
Huijun Ma: Northwest University
Zhaoqi Guo: Northwest University
Ning Liu: Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
Ming Xu: Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Haixia Ma: Northwest University
Jieshan Qiu: Beijing University of Chemical Technology

Nature Communications, 2023, vol. 14, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The broad employment of clean hydrogen through water electrolysis is restricted by large voltage requirement and energy consumption because of the sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction. Here we demonstrate a novel alternative oxidation reaction of green electrosynthesis of valuable 3,3’-diamino-4,4’-azofurazan energetic materials and coupled with hydrogen production. Such a strategy could greatly decrease the hazard from the traditional synthetic condition of 3,3’-diamino-4,4’-azofurazan and achieve low-cell-voltage hydrogen production on WS2/Pt single-atom/nanoparticle catalyst. The assembled two-electrode electrolyzer could reach 10 and 100 mA cm–2 with ultralow cell voltages of 1.26 and 1.55 V and electricity consumption of only 3.01 and 3.70 kWh per m3 of H2 in contrast of the conventional water electrolysis (~5 kWh per m3). Density functional theory calculations combine with experimental design decipher the synergistic effect in WS2/Pt for promoting Volmer–Tafel kinetic rate during alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction, while the oxidative-coupling of starting materials driven by free radical could be the underlying mechanism during the synthesis of 3,3’-diamino-4,4’-azofurazan. This work provides a promising avenue for the concurrent electrosynthesis of energetic materials and low-energy-consumption hydrogen production.

Date: 2023
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DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43698-x

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